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THEORETICAL BASIS
Muscle Vibration and the Idea of the BMS® In every living body, muscles vibrate constantly with different frequencies. We refer to this as muscle tone. These microvibrations were first discovered in 1943 by Rohrbacher, an Austrian Neuropathologist. The almost undetectable movements of a sinew vibrate with a wide band of frequencies; continuing even when the body seems motionless. For example, when holding an arm outstretched, the fingertips will tremble almost unnoticeably. Figure 1 shows the uneven oscillation line, or vibration, of the outstretched arm mechanically measured and recorded. With an application of increased strength to form a maximum muscle contraction, the uneven trembling becomes a synchronized movement of the single muscle fiber in the form of a rhythmic pattern (sine-curve). This is known as "activity tremor." (See Figure 2)
Fig. 1 Relaxed Muscle	Fig. 2 Activity Tremor
The Human body produces vibrations throughout life; their frequencies and amplitudes vary. Females show slightly lower frequencies and amplitudes than males. During sleep the frequency reduces by 1/3. When activated, it can become ten times higher. The average frequency of a relaxed muscle is between 7 to 10 Hz. A maximally contracted muscle can have a frequency as high as 30 hz. The muscles of the body perform at peak when they are stimulated to the maximum.

BMS® evolved out of these findings. BMS® applies a strong outside stimulation in the form of a rhythmic pattern (sine curve) to a stretched muscle that leads to a longitudinal vibration of the muscle fibers - equivalent to a maximum contraction obtained through resistance.

Fig. 3 Mechanical limitation of the physiological tremor leads to blood pump function without stress on CNS.

This result can also be achieved in muscles which have not been in use at all due to paralysis, age, illness, or just lack of time. The following paragraphs describe the physiological importance of the activity tremor. The Theory of the Effect on the Circulation and the Lymphatic System It is known that oxygen rich blood is pumped from the heart into the arterial and peripheral system. The artery leads into arterioles, smaller vessels, and finally into capillaries, the smallest vessels. Through them all, the exchange of nutrients, oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. The removal of toxins takes places through the veins. In the veins, valves regulate the one-way system that delivers blood toward the heart and prevents "backslipping" when blood pressure drops and gravity exerts its influence. Only since the 1950s and 1960s has there been knowledge that even the smallest part of the capillaries, the so-called venous part, has anatomical structures that function like valves. If the surroundings of the capillary (for example a muscle) are compressed, the blood from the capillary is pressed out and it gets flattened. When the pressure on the capillary is lessened, it reassumes its original form due to the elasticity of its walls. This means that inside the capillary a sort of vacuum builds up. That is why the blood which has been pressed out of the capillary, flows back. The back-flow from the venous part is stopped by the valves, and new arterial blood is delivered. If this happens repeatedly, the capillary takes over the function of a pump which pumps the blood through the muscle. The more capillaries are put into action in this way at the same time, the higher the pump effect will be.